{"id":5415,"date":"2024-05-01T17:26:55","date_gmt":"2024-05-01T17:26:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/medexperts.pro\/?p=5415"},"modified":"2024-05-01T17:28:03","modified_gmt":"2024-05-01T17:28:03","slug":"bird-flu-highlights-concerns-around-raw-milk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/?p=5415","title":{"rendered":"Bird Flu Highlights Concerns Around Raw Milk"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><\/div>\n<p id=\"article-summary\" class=\"css-1n0orw4 e1wiw3jv0\">Testing suggests that pasteurization inactivates the virus. But what about raw milk and cheese?<\/p>\n<section class=\"meteredContent css-1r7ky0e\">\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">While maintaining that avian influenza poses a low risk to the general public, health officials again warned on Wednesday about the potential risk of unpasteurized milk.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe continue to strongly advise against the consumption of raw milk,\u201d Dr. Donald Prater, acting director of the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition at the Food and Drug Administration, said at a news conference.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Raw milk, in the best of times, \u201cis one of the one of the riskiest foods that we have,\u201d said Benjamin Chapman, a professor and food safety specialist at North Carolina State University. But with cases of <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/bird-flu-cattle-human.html\" title>avian influenza<\/a>, or bird flu, detected in dairy cows, it could potentially be even riskier now, health experts warn.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Nearly all of the dairy milk sold in stores is pasteurized, and <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/alerts-advisories-safety-information\/updates-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-hpai\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">testing by the F<\/a>.D.A. has so far shown that this process inactivates the avian influenza virus H5N1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">If you\u2019re consuming pasteurized milk or dairy products, \u201cI\u2019m confident the risk is extraordinarily low at this point,\u201d said Dr. Dean Blumberg, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis Health.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/07\/11\/well\/eat\/raw-milk-risks.html\" title>Raw milk,<\/a> on the other hand, isn\u2019t pasteurized and can contain dangerous germs. While the Food and Drug Administration has long recommended consumers avoid drinking it, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/07\/11\/well\/eat\/raw-milk-risks.html\" title>more than two dozen states<\/a> have legalized the sale of raw milk.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The same bacteria that commonly cause food-borne illnesses, like <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/salmonella-causes-food-poisoning.html\" title>salmonella,<\/a> E. coli and <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/listeria-food-poisoning-recall.html\" title>listeria<\/a>, can fester in raw milk. Between 1998 and 2018, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/foodsafety\/rawmilk\/rawmilk-outbreaks.html\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">researchers linked over 200<\/a> outbreaks, which sickened 2,645 people and led to 228 hospitalizations, to raw milk. People who are very young or very old, are pregnant or have compromised immune systems are particularly likely to get seriously ill from the pathogens in raw milk, said Darin Detwiler, a food safety expert and professor at the College of Professional Studies at Northeastern University.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"css-kypbrf eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-636f4094\">Can you catch bird flu from raw milk?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Dr. Rosemary Sifford, deputy administrator of veterinary services at the Department of Agriculture, said in the Wednesday briefing that testing has found a \u201chigh viral load\u201d in raw cow\u2019s milk, and that federal officials believe that the primary way the virus is spreading between cows is through contact with milk. Government agencies are continuing to test samples from affected herds, according to the <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/alerts-advisories-safety-information\/updates-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-hpai\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">F.D.A.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Researchers and health officials are not sure whether bird flu can spread from raw milk to humans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThere\u2019s not a tremendous amount of studies showing the infectivity related to this virus and raw milk products,\u201d Dr. Prater said. But, he said, agencies are continuing to monitor the issue as new research emerges.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/alerts-advisories-safety-information\/updates-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-hpai\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">On Wednesday<\/a>, the F.D.A. said it \u201crecommends that industry does not manufacture or sell raw milk or raw milk products.\u201d The agency has <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/alerts-advisories-safety-information\/updates-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-hpai#:~:text=Precautions%20for%20Raw%20Milk\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">also recommended<\/a> producers discard milk from affected cows and pasteurize raw milk from exposed cattle before feeding it to animals.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Some researchers think it is unlikely that bird flu can transmit to humans through raw milk, but Dr. Meghan Davis, a veterinarian and environmental epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, said that she was concerned about this possibility, in part because cats on dairy farms have been sickened by the virus.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In a <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/30\/7\/24-0508_article\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">study published Monday<\/a>, researchers described a group of about two dozen cats that were fed raw milk from cows with avian influenza on a Texas dairy farm. More than half of the cats became ill and died; two of the deceased cats were tested and found to have been infected with the virus. It\u2019s possible they were sickened by eating wild birds, but raw milk was \u201ca likely route of exposure,\u201d the researchers wrote.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Dr. Blumberg noted that other influenza viruses that typically affect humans <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/about\/disease\/spread.htm\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">can spread<\/a> if people touch surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touch their mouths, noses or eyes. Avian influenza may spread similarly, he said, including through handling or consuming contaminated raw milk or cheese.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">There have been only <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/avianflu\/avian-flu-summary.htm\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">two cases of avian influenza<\/a> in humans reported in the United States since 2022; both people were exposed to infected animals and had mild illnesses. But the virus has caused <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/avianflu\/avian-in-humans.htm\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">severe illness<\/a> in humans in the past, Dr. Blumberg said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-kypbrf eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-150b5d6a\">What about cheeses made from raw milk? Or goat\u2019s milk?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Some cheese-making processes can involve higher temperatures and pressures, which could inactivate the virus in raw milk, Dr. Davis said. Other steps, such as aging, could also affect virus survival. But at this stage, Dr. Davis said, it\u2019s hard to know how risky any given raw-milk cheese might be.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It\u2019s also worth being cautious about raw-dairy products from goats or sheep, Dr. Davis said. Avian influenza was detected in <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avma.org\/news\/goat-minnesota-tests-positive-hpai\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">young goats on a Minnesota farm<\/a> in March; and while there haven\u2019t yet been cases reported in sheep, it\u2019s plausible that they could contract the virus, too, she added.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"css-kypbrf eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-484b1cc4\">How widespread is the virus?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As of April 27, the <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/livestock-poultry-disease\/avian\/avian-influenza\/hpai-detections\/livestock\" title rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Department of Agriculture<\/a> had confirmed cases of avian influenza in dairy cows in nine states. But just because the virus hasn\u2019t been reported in a state it doesn\u2019t mean that it\u2019s not there, Dr. Davis said. The F.D.A. has reported finding inactive fragments of the virus in about <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/04\/25\/health\/bird-flu-milk-fda.html\" title>20 percent of pasteurized-milk samples<\/a> from around the country, suggesting that the virus has spread more than animal testing has indicated, she said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe don\u2019t yet have a good grasp of just how widespread it is,\u201d Dr. Davis said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Since wild birds can spread the virus, small farms can be affected as well as large ones, she said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThe precautionary approach would be to avoid raw-dairy products\u201d altogether for the time being, Dr. Davis said. \u201cWe have so many unknowns.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Testing suggests that pasteurization inactivates the virus. But what about raw milk and cheese?While maintaining that avian influenza poses a low risk to the general public, health officials again warned on Wednesday about the potential risk of unpasteurized milk.\u201cWe continue to strongly advise against the consumption of raw milk,\u201d Dr. Donald Prater, acting director of the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition at the Food and Drug Administration, said at a news conference.Raw milk, in the best of times, \u201cis one of the one of the riskiest foods that we have,\u201d said Benjamin Chapman, a professor and food safety specialist at North Carolina State University. But with cases of avian influenza, or bird flu, detected in dairy cows, it could potentially be even riskier now, health experts warn.Nearly all of the dairy milk sold in stores is pasteurized, and testing by the F.D.A. has so far shown that this process inactivates the avian influenza virus H5N1.If you\u2019re consuming pasteurized milk or dairy products, \u201cI\u2019m confident the risk is extraordinarily low at this point,\u201d said Dr. Dean Blumberg, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at UC Davis Health.Raw milk, on the other hand, isn\u2019t pasteurized and can contain dangerous germs. While the Food and Drug Administration has long recommended consumers avoid drinking it, more than two dozen states have legalized the sale of raw milk.The same bacteria that commonly cause food-borne illnesses, like salmonella, E. coli and listeria, can fester in raw milk. Between 1998 and 2018, researchers linked over 200 outbreaks, which sickened 2,645 people and led to 228 hospitalizations, to raw milk. People who are very young or very old, are pregnant or have compromised immune systems are particularly likely to get seriously ill from the pathogens in raw milk, said Darin Detwiler, a food safety expert and professor at the College of Professional Studies at Northeastern University.Can you catch bird flu from raw milk?Dr. Rosemary Sifford, deputy administrator of veterinary services at the Department of Agriculture, said in the Wednesday briefing that testing has found a \u201chigh viral load\u201d in raw cow\u2019s milk, and that federal officials believe that the primary way the virus is spreading between cows is through contact with milk. Government agencies are continuing to test samples from affected herds, according to the F.D.A.Researchers and health officials are not sure whether bird flu can spread from raw milk to humans.\u201cThere\u2019s not a tremendous amount of studies showing the infectivity related to this virus and raw milk products,\u201d Dr. Prater said. But, he said, agencies are continuing to monitor the issue as new research emerges.On Wednesday, the F.D.A. said it \u201crecommends that industry does not manufacture or sell raw milk or raw milk products.\u201d The agency has also recommended producers discard milk from affected cows and pasteurize raw milk from exposed cattle before feeding it to animals.Some researchers think it is unlikely that bird flu can transmit to humans through raw milk, but Dr. Meghan Davis, a veterinarian and environmental epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, said that she was concerned about this possibility, in part because cats on dairy farms have been sickened by the virus.In a study published Monday, researchers described a group of about two dozen cats that were fed raw milk from cows with avian influenza on a Texas dairy farm. More than half of the cats became ill and died; two of the deceased cats were tested and found to have been infected with the virus. It\u2019s possible they were sickened by eating wild birds, but raw milk was \u201ca likely route of exposure,\u201d the researchers wrote.Dr. Blumberg noted that other influenza viruses that typically affect humans can spread if people touch surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touch their mouths, noses or eyes. Avian influenza may spread similarly, he said, including through handling or consuming contaminated raw milk or cheese.There have been only two cases of avian influenza in humans reported in the United States since 2022; both people were exposed to infected animals and had mild illnesses. But the virus has caused severe illness in humans in the past, Dr. Blumberg said.What about cheeses made from raw milk? Or goat\u2019s milk?Some cheese-making processes can involve higher temperatures and pressures, which could inactivate the virus in raw milk, Dr. Davis said. Other steps, such as aging, could also affect virus survival. But at this stage, Dr. Davis said, it\u2019s hard to know how risky any given raw-milk cheese might be.It\u2019s also worth being cautious about raw-dairy products from goats or sheep, Dr. Davis said. Avian influenza was detected in young goats on a Minnesota farm in March; and while there haven\u2019t yet been cases reported in sheep, it\u2019s plausible that they could contract the virus, too, she added.How widespread is the virus?As of April 27, the U.S. Department of Agriculture had confirmed cases of avian influenza in dairy cows in nine states. But just because the virus hasn\u2019t been reported in a state it doesn\u2019t mean that it\u2019s not there, Dr. Davis said. The F.D.A. has reported finding inactive fragments of the virus in about 20 percent of pasteurized-milk samples from around the country, suggesting that the virus has spread more than animal testing has indicated, she said.\u201cWe don\u2019t yet have a good grasp of just how widespread it is,\u201d Dr. Davis said.Since wild birds can spread the virus, small farms can be affected as well as large ones, she said.\u201cThe precautionary approach would be to avoid raw-dairy products\u201d altogether for the time being, Dr. Davis said. \u201cWe have so many unknowns.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5417,"comment_status":"close","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lifestyle"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5415"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5418,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5415\/revisions\/5418"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medexperts.pro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}